AT TPO is greatly elevated: what does this mean, causes of deviations and treatment. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase - table


The mobile Internet audience is growing rapidly

66 million Russian users use it along with desktop, and 20 million already access the Internet only from mobile devices - this is 15% more than a year ago.

Pages on smartphones may load slowly

There are several reasons: an unstable network connection, low Internet speed, or the site is not adapted for mobile devices. If you have to wait too long, users will move to other sites.

We offer users Turbo technology

It significantly speeds up the loading of text, images and videos on smartphones and helps save time and megabytes of mobile Internet.

Monetization

Yandex Advertising Network

RTB blocks can display ads from tens of thousands of Yandex advertisers. It is convenient to manage blocks from the partner interface: among them is the popular and profitable Motion.

Direct advertising sales

Manage direct advertiser campaigns through ADFOX or other services.

Business model combinations

Using ADFOX, you can transfer impressions that were not purchased by direct advertisers to YAN, as well as compare the rates of all monetizers in Dynamic monetization.

Medicines

Against the background of such treatment, therapy is carried out using the following means:

  • non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
  • glucocorticoids, for example, Prednisolone.

For some patients, surgery is necessary, and the indications for surgery may be as follows;

  • Graves' disease;
  • nodular toxic goiter;
  • iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis.

In order to generally strengthen the entire body, patients are recommended to take vitamins and adaptogens. Subsequently, doctors prescribe medications that you will have to take throughout your life.

Traditional medicine will also be useful in treatment when the level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase begins to increase. As a rule, for three to four months the patient drinks tea, for example, from celandine, chamomile or licorice root, and at the end of the period it will be advisable for him to switch to other remedies.

If AT to TPO is elevated, treatment should be comprehensive and timely.

You can prepare herbal preparations yourself. An example is persimmon tincture, which will help normalize hormone levels. The procedure is as follows:

  • squeeze the juice out of the fruit;
  • mix two hundred milligrams of the resulting substance with a couple of drops of alcohol;
  • leave the product for two days;
  • drink one tablespoon of the resulting infusion before meals three times a day.

Development plan

  • Support for multimedia content (illustrations, videos)
  • Support for third party ad networks via ADFOX
  • Support for third-party analytics counters (Google Analytics, Mail.Ru, Rambler Top 100, Mediascope)
  • Speed ​​up loading Turbo pages by 4 times
  • Tables, lists, quotes
  • Image and photo galleries
  • Displaying comments
  • Embed codes for content from YouTube, Vimeo, Instagram, Twitter
  • “Endless” feed (block “You may be interested in”)
  • Site navigation
  • Share button
  • Additional advertising spaces
  • Advanced analytics capabilities
  • Ad rendering speed
  • API for publishing content
  • Call button, chats and feedback forms
  • Support for content embed codes from VKontakte and Odnoklassniki
  • Design customization in CSS
  • Supports GIF animation and video players
  • Editor for debugging Turbo pages
  • Rating block
  • Media content gallery with slider
  • Quickly view a larger image by clicking
  • Content block and anchor links
  • Sidebar – new menu block
  • Additional design types for the “You may be interested in” block
  • Support for embedded content from Yandex.Maps and Yandex.Music
  • Search form - on your website or with sending a request to search engines
  • Impressions of new pages in Turbo format when following links from Turbo pages
  • Product cards for online stores
  • More statistics in Metrica and the ability to use goals
  • Video in Turbo
  • New page types
  • Poll block
  • Advertising optimization - new formats
  • The ability to place a product on Turbo pages in one click so that the user does not leave the accelerated version of the store
  • Custom blocks
  • Authorization
  • Possibility to leave a comment
  • Advanced features of Metrica
  • Feedback from webmasters
  • Expanded appearance customization options

    We have started testing the display of elements created by site owners.
    For example, Turbo pages can have complex interactive components using JavaScript, such as diagrams of the placement of chess pieces or players on the field. But there should be more tools that allow you to flexibly customize Turbo pages - and we, of course, will continue to add them. Please tell us what kind of customization is required for the Turbo pages of your website - leave your contacts in this form, and a specialist from the development team will contact you to clarify the details.

  • New opportunities for online stores

    Online payment and shopping cart will appear in the e-commerce arsenal. Moreover, in the Turbo version of the store you will be able to make purchases directly from the list of products, and after going to the cart, select delivery options. We will add the ability to pre-fill fields (for example, name or contacts) to the order form - if the site visitor is authorized in his Yandex account. It will become more convenient and easier for users to interact with the Turbo version of the store - there will be fewer failures and more conversions.

  • Advanced analytics in Yandex.Metrica

    The Metrics Webvisor tool will help you analyze in detail the behavior of visitors to Turbo pages.
    It records the actions of visitors on the site and shows them in video format - this way you can identify problems in navigation, logic and usability, and as a result, increase site conversion. Metrica will also feature new reports to analyze the effectiveness of the Turbo version of online stores.

  • New blocks and widgets on Turbo pages

    By the end of the year, Turbo pages will have:
    a multi-level menu,

  • customizable dynamic forms,
  • Apester platform embeds for surveys and quizzes,
  • cards for grouping content on a page,
  • possibility of fixing the site header,
  • Scrolling support when viewing an image gallery,
  • “Expand” button to view articles on the desktop,
  • “breadcrumbs” to facilitate navigation on the site,
  • opportunity to comment on articles.

And new widgets - including Market and Zen widgets
- will increase traffic and expand the site’s audience.

  • New advertising formats and optimization opportunities

    • will appear with a parallax effect
      , which will be placed under the site content. The content of such an ad unit appears from underneath the content as the user scrolls the page. The advertisement begins to appear smoothly from the bottom of the banner, and when scrolling, it gradually opens, after which it is just as smoothly and neatly hidden under the content.
    • Fixed horizontal sticky blocks.

  • Advertising in InPage format and the block above the site header will become available for manual placement.
  • Video advertising in InStream (in video content) and InPage (in text content) formats will appear in ADFOX for Turbo pages.
  • Let's provide support design auction

    for Turbo pages. This is a new tool for A/B testing of advertising designs with automatic selection of the most profitable option for each site visitor, which is currently undergoing closed beta testing. It will allow you to choose the optimal design of contextual advertising for a specific site.

  • Let's update the algorithm auto placement of advertisements

    on Turbo pages, we optimize advertising placements and other parameters so that auto placement brings you more income.

  • Antibodies to TPO

    Autoimmune mechanisms associated with the production of autoantibodies often underlie the development of thyroid diseases. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a membrane-bound enzyme that is expressed only in thyrocytes. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of iodide on tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin during the synthesis of T3 and T4 and is one of the most important antigens of the thyroid gland. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, TPOAb) are autoantibodies to this enzyme. Until recently, these antibodies were called antimicrosomal (AMA, antibodies to microsomal thyroid peroxidase), since they bound to the microsomal fraction of thyrocytes. Modern research has proven the role of thyroid peroxidase as the main antigenic component of microsomes. For the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases, testing the antibody titer to TPO is one of the most sensitive tests. The main factor underlying hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism is autoimmune thyroid disease, which usually develops in genetically predisposed people. An increased titer of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and TSH can predict the development of hypothyroidism in the future. Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis have the highest levels of anti-TPO antibodies in a blood test. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in this disease are detected in most cases (90%), which confirms its autoimmune origin. In Graves' disease, these antibodies are also often detected (60–80%). There is a clear relationship between the presence of antibodies to TPO and the histological picture of thyroiditis. Although, given the good ability of the thyroid gland to regenerate under the influence of thyroid-stimulating hormone, clinical signs of hypothyroidism may appear years after the onset of a chronic disease. Determining the titer of antibodies to TPO makes it possible to differentiate autoimmune diseases from non-autoimmune goiter or hypothyroidism when diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases. Testing for antibodies to TPO is usually carried out simultaneously with testing for antibodies to TG (thyroglobulin).

    In general, the detection of AT-TPO in blood serum indicates autoimmune aggression against the thyroid gland, and the more the test results deviate from the norm, the higher the likelihood of a pathological process.

    To improve your appearance

    Support for Turbo pages on a wider class of mobile screens - so that your Turbo pages look equally good not only on mobile, but also on tablets.

    Transferring html layout directly to RSS. To make it more convenient for you to work with the appearance of Turbo pages, we will add the ability to transfer your own html layout directly to RSS. It will be possible to transfer ready-made blocks of your website to the Turbo page practically without changes and not waste time re-configuring the appearance.

    Settings for basic design elements without CSS. And so that you can save time on developing your own CSS, let's add the following features:

    • customize color, font, logo and other elements directly in Webmaster,
    • quickly enable light and dark themes on your website.

    In what rare situations can the study of AT-TPO and AT-TG be indicated in case of normal thyroid function?

    • When, during pregnancy, the level of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) exceeds trimester-specific norms,
    • When planning an in vitro fertilization procedure,
    • Before prescribing amiodarone, interferon and lithium drugs (since antibody carriers have an increased risk of developing thyroid pathology induced by these drugs)
    • To assess the effectiveness of treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer, monitoring of AT-TG levels may be necessary.

    Studying the levels of AT-TPO and AT-TG in other situations can be considered redundant, and the interpretation of the results is meaningless.

    Marina Aleksandrovna Sviridonova , endocrinologist

    , Ph.D.

    To engage the audience

    Recommendation widget - a block with personalized content for your audience can be added to the Turbo page. This widget is already available to partners of the Advertising Network - it helps to increase the number of transitions to the site and the depth of views.

    Improved automatic recommendation feed. The feed has proven to be an excellent tool for increasing user engagement, and we will continue to improve its effectiveness.

    Working with comments - the ability to monitor the list of articles on which the latest comments appeared, as well as turn comments on and off separately for specific articles.

    General information

    To thyroid peroxidase, which is located on the surface of thyrocytes (cells that produce T3 and T4), i.e. directly in the thyroid gland, the immune system does not react in any way. But only up to a certain point. When this enzyme enters the blood, and this happens in the case of damage to the thyroid gland, provoked by external or internal factors, the active synthesis of autoantibodies to peroxidase (AT-TPO) begins in the body.

    Provoking factors:

    • radiation therapy (in the treatment of cancer), systematic irradiation of the body (occupational hazard);
    • trauma to the thyroid gland as a result of a bruise, blow, fall, puncture, etc.;
    • unsuccessful surgical intervention on the gland;
    • deficiency or excess of iodine in the body;
    • inflammatory processes, infectious and viral diseases.

    When the amount of antibodies increases, massive destruction of peroxidase and thyroid follicular cells secreting T3 and T4 begins. As a result, the concentration of these hormones in the blood increases sharply. This condition is diagnosed as autoimmune thyrotoxicosis. Then, over the course of 1.5-2 months, T3 and T4 are washed out of the body, and their levels in the blood drop. At the same time, there is no possibility of replenishing the hormone deficiency, because the cells that produce them are completely destroyed. Hypothyroidism develops.

    If the amount of AT has increased moderately, then over the course of decades they will gradually destroy thyroid cells and gradually reduce the volume of hormones produced. As a result, the patient will develop insufficient thyroid function, and there will be a deficiency of the most important iodinated hormones (T3 and T4). This is the same hypothyroidism.

    The AT-TPO test makes it possible to accurately diagnose pathological conditions, the correction of which requires the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). With the correct dosage of synthetic hormones (levothyroxine), such treatment tactics provide a stable and long-lasting clinical effect.

    Rating
    ( 2 ratings, average 5 out of 5 )
    Did you like the article? Share with friends:
    For any suggestions regarding the site: [email protected]
    Для любых предложений по сайту: [email protected]