Top 5 drugs for low blood pressure - Neurology and neurosurgery

Safe and effective medications for low blood pressure (hypotension).

May 2, 2021
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How to choose medications for low blood pressure?
Caffeine
Ekdisten
Gutron
Caffeamine
Apilak

With hypotension, a person feels dizziness, malaise and deterioration in general well-being. Low blood pressure is a condition when blood pressure numbers fall below normal values.

We speak of low blood pressure when its value is about 90/60. Some people feel great with this pressure (no treatment is required), while others experience unpleasant symptoms. If you feel unwell with hypotension, be sure to consult a doctor to determine the cause of this condition and get the right treatment.

How do foods affect blood pressure?

Blood pressure is affected by both the composition of a person's diet and their eating habits, including how often they eat, how large their portions are, and how much fluid they drink. A healthy, balanced diet is one of the conditions for maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system, normal heart function and optimal blood counts. All this is directly related to blood pressure values.

What foods increase blood pressure?

There are a number of food products that increase the tone of the walls of blood vessels, the volume of fluid (and blood pumped), and also compensate for the deficiency of vitamins associated with hypotension.

Blood pressure increases when you eat the following foods:

Salt, additives, seasonings containing sodium: retain fluid, increasing its volume in the body, increasing the volume of blood pumped. Salt intake should not be too high even with hypotension. WHO recommends consuming no more than 5 g of salt daily (1 teaspoon).
Products containing caffeine: coffee, green tea, cocoa, strong sweet tea tone up and increase heart rate.
High-calorie dishes. Baked goods, meat products, cheese, sweets, and high-fat dairy products provoke an increase in blood sugar, which causes blood pressure to rise. It is important for people with hypotension to eat foods that are nutritious enough, but they need to be careful that they are not excessively high in calories or contain too many carbohydrates or saturated fats.
Products containing vitamins C, B12, E. With a deficiency of these vitamins, anemia develops, which is associated with the appearance of hypotension. By normalizing their consumption, you can reduce its manifestations. Citrus fruits, parsley, and red bell peppers contain a lot of vitamin C. Vitamin B12 is found in eggs, meat, and dairy products. Vegetable oil, avocados, and nuts contain a lot of vitamin E.

Important! Some foods prohibited for hypertensive patients can increase blood pressure: fatty, fried, too spicy foods, but using them to cope with hypotension is not recommended. Such food increases cholesterol levels in the blood, has a bad effect on the digestive system, and can cause additional health problems.

Foods that sharply increase blood pressure

Hypotension can make a person feel unwell, and it is important to know what to eat to raise blood pressure quickly. The following will help you feel better:

black coffee;
strong black tea;
bitter chocolate;
salty foods (this could be salted cheese, pickled vegetables, salted fish);
prunes, dried apricots or other dried fruits;
pomegranate juice;
honey.

These products should only be used if it is known for sure that poor health is caused by hypotension. You can verify this by measuring your blood pressure. If symptoms associated with hypotension appear frequently, you should consult a doctor (general practitioner or cardiologist) and follow his recommendations.

Coffee and chocolate contribute to a rapid increase in blood pressure. Photo: nanka-photo / Depositphotos

What foods increase blood pressure during pregnancy?

In the first half of pregnancy, against the background of hormonal changes, blood pressure may decrease due to a decrease in the tone of the walls of blood vessels. This is normal, but if you experience symptoms associated with hypotension, you should inform your doctor. Blood pressure levels should return to normal after childbirth. If it becomes low during pregnancy, you need to make sure that this is not caused by anemia (for this, a blood test is taken).

To increase blood pressure during pregnancy, only certain foods can be used: chocolate, tea, pomegranate juice. Even they are not advisable to consume in large quantities so that the pressure does not become too high. This can be dangerous. It is also undesirable to increase the consumption of water or coffee (this may create additional stress on the kidneys), spicy, fatty, salty or too high-calorie foods. It is better to consult with your doctor and get nutritional recommendations from him, taking into account your general health, the duration of your pregnancy, and the characteristics of its course.

During pregnancy, you should be more careful when choosing your diet. Photo: Amina Filkins: Pexels

What foods should you not eat if you have high blood pressure?

Some foods can not only normalize blood pressure, but also increase it excessively. Eating these foods may be dangerous if a person already has hypertension. In this case, follow a special diet, excluding or limiting the consumption of the following foods:

salt, seasonings, food additives containing sodium;
strong tea, coffee containing caffeine;
fatty, fried, spicy foods;
pickles and canned foods;
smoked meats;
baked goods, sweets;
fast food;
sweet carbonated drinks;
ready-made sauces, seasonings, flavor enhancers, and other additives that may contain sodium;
frozen semi-finished products: pizza, dumplings and other similar dishes (may contain a lot of sugar, sodium, saturated fat to preserve taste);
alcohol.

To prevent excessive stress on the heart and the appearance of essential hypertension, you need to adhere to a healthy, balanced diet in the same way as when preventing hypotension. Both hypertensive and hypotensive patients are equally benefited from fresh vegetables, nuts, herbs, fruits, whole grains, lean meat, poultry and fish. If your blood pressure is high, you need to eat more foods containing potassium, magnesium, and calcium. Bananas, beans, spinach, and sunflower seeds are especially useful.

How to choose medications for low blood pressure?

Medicines for hypotension are rarely prescribed. Usually, to improve the condition, it is enough to change your lifestyle: adjust your daily routine, eat right, drink more fluids and increase the amount of salt.

If drug support for low blood pressure is needed, drugs that increase the volume of blood circulating in the body or drugs that spasm peripheral arteries are prescribed. This helps increase blood pressure because blood will flow through narrower vessels under greater pressure.

All medications for low blood pressure are prescribed only by a doctor, having previously ruled out pathological causes of low blood pressure. Usually, drugs of synthetic or plant origin are used - tonics and vasoconstrictors.

Here are the safest and most effective pills for low blood pressure.

Caffeine

This drug is sold both in tablets and in a solution for subcutaneous administration. Caffeine is a natural nervous system stimulant that stimulates the nervous system, increases vascular tone, improves blood circulation and increases blood pressure. “Caffeine” is prescribed for moderate hypotension, decreased performance, general malaise, vascular headaches, and drowsiness.

Read also: Top 10 best blood thinners Blood thinners

It is believed that “Caffeine” is a safe medicine, but there are contraindications to its use: the body’s sensitivity to its components, age under 12 years, severe heart disease (cardiosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart attack), mental disorders, hypertension, arrhythmia, insomnia, depression. It is prescribed with caution to those who suffer from glaucoma and other vision problems.

Side effects from taking Caffeine include rapid heartbeat, sweating, nausea, trembling, and dizziness. After the effects of caffeine wear off, a person may experience weakness, inhibition of the nervous system, or general malaise.

Caffeine

JSC "Tatkhimfarmpreparaty", Russia; Borisov medical plant drugs, Belarus; PrJSC Pharmaceutical Company “DARNITSA”, Ukraine; Novosibkhimpharm OJSC, Russia; JSC Dalkhimfarm, Russia; "Moskhimfarmpreparaty" named after. N. A. Semashko, Russia; PJSC Scientific and Production Center "Borshchagovsky Chemical Plant", Ukraine

A drug whose range of uses includes: Diseases accompanied by depression of the central nervous system, functions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (including poisoning with opioid analgesics, infectious diseases), cerebral vascular spasms, decreased mental and physical performance, drowsiness.
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Causes

There are two types of hypotension. It is customary to highlight:

Primary (physiological). It forms independently and does not cause serious changes in a person’s well-being.
Secondary. Hypotension develops as a complication of an existing disease and is accompanied by severe symptoms.

Primary

Low blood pressure can be inherited. Women and girls with an asthenic body type are especially often hypotensive. The condition is not accompanied by severe symptoms. A natural decrease in blood pressure occurs during periods of hormonal changes:

period of bearing a child;
menstruation;
menopause

Adolescent hypertension is an acceptable norm. The condition is caused by hormonal changes occurring in the body, lack of stability in the functioning of the cardiovascular system and too rapid growth of the child. Blood pressure stabilizes on its own after puberty and does not require any medical adjustment.

The development of primary hypotension can also be provoked by:

overwork – nervous and physical;
dependence on weather conditions;
climate change;
sedentary lifestyle.

In adults, primary hypotension occurs due to lack of physical activity. The result of physical inactivity is a decrease in the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels. But if an elderly person leads a fairly active lifestyle, then the primary form of hypotension does not threaten him.

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Secondary

Secondary hypotension occurs as a complication of another serious disease. The reasons can be:

pathologies of the thyroid gland;
disruption of the pituitary gland and adrenal glands;
anemic conditions;
heart disease;
brain injuries;
diabetes;
tuberculosis;
infections;
severe burns;
allergy;
intoxication of various origins.

The effectiveness of treatment for secondary hypotension depends on the results of therapy for the disease that provoked it.
Secondary hypotension sometimes occurs during long-term use of the following medications:

diuretics;
antispasmodics;
ACE inhibitors;
calcium antagonists.

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Ekdisten

This is a herbal medicine that comes in the form of tablets and powder sachets. The active substance of the drug is a plant extract from the rhizomes of Leuzea safflower. "Ecdisten" improves overall metabolism, vascular tone, stimulates protein synthesis, and has a weak anabolic effect.

This drug is prescribed for low blood pressure, general asthenia, to improve performance and for weather dependence.

Contraindications include: age under 18 years, allergies to drug components, hypertension, nervous disorders with agitation, epilepsy, stomach ulcers. Ecdisten should be prescribed with caution to those with diabetes or thyroid disease. Alcohol is contraindicated while taking Ecdisten.

Ekdisten

Wifitech/Vilar, Russia

The drug Ecdisten is used in adults as a tonic: asthenodepressive syndrome (associated with a weakening of protein synthesizing processes: during prolonged intoxication, infections), neurasthenia. And also as part of combination therapy - arterial hypotension, intense training (dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, especially with pronounced signs of myocardial overstrain and increased protein catabolism), as a drug that increases speed and strength qualities during the period of preparation for competitions.
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Gutron

This drug for the treatment of hypotension is available in drops and tablets and is sold by prescription. The active substance of the drug is midodrine (a group of adrenergic agonists that tone blood vessels).

“Gutron” is prescribed for hypotension, orthostatic hypotension (a sharp decrease in pressure when a person takes a horizontal position), and for weather dependence. The medicine moderately constricts blood vessels, improves their tone, which increases blood pressure and removes blood stagnation in the veins.

Contraindications include: high blood pressure, overactive thyroid gland, severe kidney disease, urinary retention and prostate adenoma.

When taking Gutron, the following side effects are possible: skin rash, tachycardia, nausea. This drug should not be taken with alcohol.

Gutron

Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Japan

Gutron is a remedy for increasing blood pressure, and is also recommended for use in patients with urinary incontinence caused by bladder dysfunction.
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Critical low blood pressure in an elderly person: first aid

Low diastolic pressure in older people is a dangerous condition, so the first thing to do is call an ambulance. While waiting for medical workers, if the patient has already lost consciousness or it seems that this may happen to him, it is necessary to provide assistance independently, in particular:

put the elderly person on his back;
open a window to provide access to fresh air;
unbutton the shirt collar to free the chest area and neck from clothing;
if the person is conscious, give him drops for hypotension;
do a rubbing massage in the direction from the ankles up.

Medicine that is recommended for low blood pressure in older people is not always at hand, so you can use improvised means - give the person strong coffee, give 2 tablets of caffeine-containing citramon. But you should definitely check whether the patient with low blood pressure has heart disease and whether he can use blood thinning medications.

You can help a person in such a situation and slightly increase blood pressure by using acupuncture. Find a point under your nose, press it with your finger, hold for a minute, release and repeat similar manipulations 5 to 10 times. Another way is to raise a person’s legs above his head, for example, by throwing them over the headboard of a bed or sofa, placing high pillows under his feet, etc. All this can be done while waiting for the doctors to arrive. Doing this will help prevent loss of consciousness due to low blood pressure and potential injuries from falling.

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Caffeamine

This drug for increasing low blood pressure is available in tablets and is sold by prescription. Belongs to the group of combined psychostimulants, the active substances are caffeine and ergotamine. “Caffetamine” tones the nervous system and constricts blood vessels.

This medicine is prescribed for migraines, hypotension and intracranial hypertension.

Among the contraindications: allergic reactions to the components of the drug, age under 18 years, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, pregnancy and breastfeeding, insomnia, glaucoma, psychosis, serious heart disease, advanced age of the patient. Side effects: nausea, increased sweating, agitation, tachycardia.

Caffeamine

KRKA-RUS, Russia

The drug is used for: Vasoparalytic form of migraine;
arterial hypotension; as a means of lowering intracranial pressure in vascular, traumatic and infectious lesions of the central nervous system. from 151

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Prevention of hypotension in the elderly

To prevent the development of hypotension and related diseases, older people should follow a number of recommendations:

Try not to overwork and avoid stress.
Drink 1.5 to 2 liters of liquid per day.
Be active and mobile.
Take frequent walks in the fresh air.
Eat more herbs, spices and salt.
Do general strengthening exercises.
Limit hot baths, replacing them with contrast showers.
Reduce the amount of carbohydrates in food to prevent surges in blood pressure and blood sugar.

Apilak

This low blood pressure medicine comes in the form of sublingual tablets and ointment. "Apilak" belongs to the group of natural stimulants for the complex treatment of asthenia, neurotic disorders, and hypotension. Apilak contains a complex of biologically active substances, minerals and vitamins. The active substance is royal jelly. "Apilak" improves vascular tone, tones the nervous system and stimulates the body as a whole.

Contraindications include: allergies to bee products, age under 18 years, Addison's disease, hypertension.