Diet for gallstone disease and other methods of its treatment

Gallstone disease: diet, treatment methods

Gallstone disease is a pathology in which stones and sand form in the gallbladder and bile ducts. Understanding the examination results will allow the doctor to successfully treat the signs of gallstone disease: treatment is carried out taking into account the number of stones and their size, concomitant diseases and the general health of the patient. If there are acute symptoms, then treatment is carried out in a hospital setting; in case of remission or a mild form of the pathology, outpatient treatment is possible, but under the supervision of a doctor.

Gallstone disease: treatment without surgery

One of the important treatment methods is considered to be a diet for gallstone disease, which involves eliminating fatty, spicy, fried foods, chocolate, sweet carbonated drinks and alcohol from the diet. The menu should consist of easily digestible plant, dairy and meat products. It is also necessary to follow a diet - eat food in small portions, but often (5-6 times a day), do it at approximately the same time.

Treatment of gallstone disease without surgery involves taking special medications - ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acid. They are able to dissolve stones in the gall bladder, but this method only works in the presence of small (no more than 2 mm in diameter) single stones. The course of therapy lasts at least 12 months, during which time you will not only need to take medications, but also follow a diet.

Treatment methods for gallstone disease are different - extracorporeal shock wave therapy is effective, which allows you to destroy the stones. It is carried out only in the presence of cholesterol-type stones - with a diameter of no more than 3 mm, with their small number and preserved contractility of the gallbladder. During the procedure, the stones are crushed into small fragments (maximum 1 mm long) and removed from the body along with feces. This therapy is painless and does not require hospitalization of the patient.

If there are no positive results from conservative treatment for 1-2 years, the doctor will recommend surgical treatment.

Often, after 1-3 months of taking medications and following a diet, the patient notices the disappearance of symptoms. But doctors warn that it is impossible to interrupt the course of therapy, much less violate the recommended diet - an exacerbation of cholelithiasis will require more serious treatment.

Authorized Products

• Wheat bread; if tolerated, you can use rye bread. Only stale bread is allowed to prevent intestinal bloating. The diet is expanded by introducing dry biscuits, baked goods with meat, cottage cheese, apples and low-fat cookies.
• Soups are prepared only in vegetable broths with the addition of cereals, noodles and vegetables. You can prepare borscht and cabbage soup, milk and fruit soups. Vegetables for seasoning soups cannot be fried and it is not necessary to puree them.
• For main courses, lean beef, veal, rabbit, and chicken are used. They can be boiled and then baked, served in pieces or chopped.
• Low-fat fish is allowed (boiled, stuffed with vegetables, fish cutlets, baked with vegetables and pasta).
• Only low-fat dairy products: kefir, yogurt, yogurt. Milk, since it is poorly tolerated, is added only to dishes. You can use half-fat cottage cheese in its natural form and as part of casseroles and lazy dumplings. Sour cream is used as a seasoning for dishes.
• Eggs are recommended - mainly white omelettes, since yolks should be limited in the diet or excluded altogether, since they have a choleretic effect and can cause increased pain, in addition, they have a high cholesterol content.
• Any grains are allowed (sometimes corn and millet are poorly tolerated) in the form of porridges, soups and casseroles with cottage cheese and vegetables.
• Vegetables are allowed in baked, boiled and stewed form (sorrel, radish, spinach, radish, mushrooms, garlic are excluded). You can make a salad from permitted vegetables and add vegetable oil, as well as vinaigrettes. It is allowed to eat non-acidic sauerkraut (if there is no bloating), green pea puree, and squash caviar.
• You can use sour cream, vegetable and milk sauces with any meat and vegetable dishes; you can also bake fish and meat with them.
• Dill and parsley are allowed as spices.
• Fruits and berries should be non-acidic (fresh, compotes and jelly).
• It is allowed to eat marmalade, caramel, marshmallows, marshmallows, honey and jam. Sugar is replaced with xylitol (partially).
• Butter (25-30 g) and vegetable oil are added to dishes after cooking. The amount of vegetable oil depends on tolerance.
• We recommend weak tea, vegetable juices, wheat bran decoction, rosehip infusion, and still mineral water.

Table of permitted products

Surgery

Treatment of cholelithiasis by surgical method is carried out when conservative treatment is ineffective. Surgery can be performed in two ways:

• classic removal of the gallbladder with stones - this involves laparotomy (opening the anterior abdominal wall). After the operation, a scar at least 10 cm long remains;
• laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder with stones - small incisions are made in the abdominal wall, through which a laparoscope (a type of endoscopic equipment) is inserted, and the gallbladder is removed with its help.

Surgery to remove the gallbladder for cholelithiasis requires special preparation. After removal of the gallbladder with stones, the patient must also follow a diet and undergo regular examination by a gastroenterologist, since digestive problems may occur after removal of the gallbladder.

Recipes

First meal

During the period of exacerbation and after removal of stones, puree soups or puree soups are prepared.

Slimy oat soup

Ingredients: oatmeal, water.

Boil oatmeal well in a small amount of water, strain without rubbing the cereal. Bring the broth to a boil and add a little salt. The finished dish has a uniform creamy consistency and does not contain food particles.

Cauliflower soup with oat flakes and croutons

Ingredients: cauliflower, potatoes, oat flakes, milk, butter.

Boil the potatoes and cauliflower, rub through a sieve with the broth, and you can leave a few small inflorescences whole. Also boil oatmeal, puree, combine with pureed vegetables and add salt. Season with milk, add butter. Serve with croutons.

During the period of remission, prepare low-fat vegetarian soups with cereals or chopped vegetables and cold soups. Baked dishes that can be seasoned with milk or sour cream sauce. The latter is prepared with sour cream alone or with the addition of vegetable or cereal broth. Dry white sauteed flour is diluted with vegetable broth, sour cream is added and boiled with stirring (5 minutes).

Cold Lithuanian borscht

Ingredients: kefir, water, beets, fresh cucumbers, herbs, egg, sour cream.

Low-fat kefir is diluted with cold water (2:1). Peeled beets (boiled) and fresh cucumbers are grated or cut into strips. Add green onions and pour in a mixture of kefir and water. Season with half a boiled egg, parsley and sour cream.

Zucchini soup

Ingredients: zucchini, onions, potatoes, tomatoes, carrots, butter, sour cream.

Vegetables: chop carrots, onions and simmer in water with butter. Place the potatoes in the vegetable broth, and after 15 minutes add the stewed roots, chopped zucchini, tomato, and salt. When serving, sprinkle with chopped herbs. Serve with sour cream if desired.

Barley soup

Ingredients: potatoes, cereals, carrots, onions, butter, sour cream.

Boil pearl barley until half cooked. Chop the carrots and onions and simmer in water with butter. Combine the cereal with the roots, pour in the vegetable broth, add potatoes, and salt. Serve with parsley and sour cream.

Second courses

Chicken and Zucchini Casserole

Ingredients: chicken, butter, milk, flour, zucchini, egg white, salt.

Finely chop the boiled chicken meat or mince it, add part of the milk sauce (made from flour and milk) and whipped egg white. Mix the minced meat with grated raw zucchini, add salt, place in a mold, and top with the remaining milk sauce, sprinkle with grated cheese. Bake in the oven.

Pike perch fillet baked with vegetables

Ingredients: pike perch or cod fillet, potatoes, tomatoes, onions, zucchini, vegetable oil, sour cream.

The fish fillet is boiled until half cooked, no broth is used. Boil the potatoes until half cooked. Chop potatoes, zucchini, onions and tomatoes. The fish is placed in a mold, a side dish is placed next to it, salted, sprinkled with oil, poured with sour cream sauce and baked.

Hake with vegetables

Ingredients: hake, onion, zucchini or squash, carrots, green peas, vegetable oil.

Vegetables can be cut as desired, carrots can be grated. Place prepared vegetables in a baking dish and top with hake fillet, boiled until half cooked. Add salt, add vegetable oil and sour cream, bake in the oven without forming a crust.

Beef in sour cream and apple sauce

Ingredients: beef, sour cream, flour, vegetable oil, apple, salt.

The boiled meat is cut into pieces, placed in a saucepan, poured with sour cream sauce, to which grated raw apple is added. Boil for 10-15 minutes under a closed lid. You can serve with mashed potatoes or any stewed vegetables.

Folk remedies

Inexpensive methods for treating gallstone disease are always of interest to patients. Therefore, patients with cholelithiasis resort to traditional medicine methods. But it should be remembered that decoctions and tinctures based on herbal components provoke increased production and secretion of bile - this can lead to the migration of stones from the gallbladder into the bile ducts. The result of this process is blockage of the bile ducts, which requires urgent surgical intervention.

Treatment of exacerbation of cholelithiasis and all complications should be carried out using proven methods. Folk remedies can be used as additional therapy, but only after agreement with the attending physician.

You can read more about the occurrence of gallstone disease, symptoms, and treatment on the pages of our website dobrobut.com.