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Manufacturers: Bryntsalov-A (Russia)
Active ingredients
- Ampicillin
- Oxacillin
Disease class
- Acute upper respiratory tract infection of multiple and unspecified localization
- Bacterial pneumonia, unspecified
- Acute lower respiratory tract respiratory infection, unspecified
- Syndrome of staphylococcal skin lesions in the form of burn-like blisters
- Impetigo
- Skin abscess, boil and carbuncle
- Phlegmon
- Acute lymphadenitis
- Pilonidal cyst
- Other local infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
- Cholecystitis
- Cholangitis
- Urinary tract infection without established localization
Clinical and pharmacological group
- Not indicated. See instructions
Pharmacological action
- Antibacterial
Pharmacological group
- Penicillins in combinations
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
An antibiotic belonging to semi-synthetic penicillins , it contains a combination of ampicillin and oxacillin and combines the spectrum of their action on microorganisms. Acid-resistant, bactericidal.
Shows activity against gram-positive ( pneumococcus , streptococcus , staphylococcus ) and gram-negative ( E. coli , meningococcus , Shigella , gonococcus , influenza bacillus , salmonella ) microorganisms. The presence of oxacillin makes the drug active against penicillinase-resistant staphylococci . Pseudomonas aeruginosa , many strains of Proteus vulgaris , Morganella are resistant to the action of Ampiox .
Pharmacokinetics
The maximum concentration in the blood of both antibiotics is observed 30-50 minutes after intramuscular administration. Both antibiotics are excreted by the kidneys and partially in the bile. No accumulation is observed with repeated administrations.
pharmachologic effect
A combination antibiotic that combines the spectrum of action of ampicillin and oxacillin.
Ampicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin that is bactericidal and acid-resistant. Active against gram-positive, non-penicillinase-forming (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae) and gram-negative (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae) microorganisms.
Oxacillin is a penicillinase-resistant semi-synthetic antibiotic from the penicillin group, acid-resistant; has a bactericidal effect against gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Actinimyces spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, anaerobic spore-forming bacilli, including Clostridium), gram-negative cocci (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis), Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Actinomyces spp., Treponema spp.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, most strains of Proteus vulgaris, Providencia rettgeri, Morganella morganii are resistant to the action of the combination.
Indications for use
- sinusitis , otitis media ;
- tonsillitis;
- bronchitis , pneumonia ;
- cholecystitis;
- pyelonephritis;
- cystitis , urethritis ;
- cervicitis;
- erysipelas , impetigo ;
- endocarditis , meningitis ;
- prevention of postoperative complications;
- postpartum infection.
Instructions for use of Ampiox (Method and dosage)
The drug has two dosage forms.
Ampiox tablets, instructions for use
Ampiox Health capsules are taken orally. For adults and children 14 years of age, a single dose of 0.5-1.0 g (2-4 capsules), which is taken 4 times a day, so the daily dose is 2-4 g. Children aged 7-9 years are prescribed 1. 25 g per day, 10-14 years – 1.75 g per day. The duration of treatment depends on the disease and ranges from 7 days to 2 weeks.
Ampiox injections, instructions for use
Before prescribing injections of this drug, it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of the microflora to it. Ampiox sodium , intended for injection, is administered intramuscularly or intravenously by dissolving the powder in water for injection.
A single dose for adults is 0.5-1.0 g, it is administered 4 times a day after 6-8 hours. If necessary, the dose is increased by 1.5-2 times. Newborns are prescribed 100-200 mg per kg of body weight per day. The course of treatment is from 7 to 21 days.
For intravenous administration, the drug is dissolved in 15 ml of saline and administered slowly. For intravenous drip use, dissolve in 200 ml of saline solution. For drip administration, children are given a 5% glucose in an amount of 30-100 ml. The solutions are used immediately. Intravenously administered for 5-7 days, if necessary, switch to intramuscular administration.
special instructions
During a course of treatment, it is necessary to monitor the state of the function of the hematopoietic organs, liver and kidneys.
The possibility of developing superinfection (due to the growth of microflora insensitive to it) requires a corresponding change in antibacterial therapy.
In patients who are hypersensitive to penicillins, cross-allergic reactions with cephalosporin antibiotics are possible.
When used in high doses in patients with renal failure, toxic effects on the central nervous system are possible.
Interaction
The following drugs slow down absorption and reduce its degree: glucosamine , antacids , laxatives, aminoglycosides , and food intake. Ascorbic acid enhances the absorption of active substances. Antibiotics rifampicin , aminoglycosides , vancomycin , cephalosporins have a synergistic effect . And macrolides , sulfonamides , chloramphenicol , tetracyclines , lincosamides are antagonistic.
Ampiox enhances the effects of anticoagulants and reduces the effect of oral contraceptives. Diuretics, allopurinol , NPVN , phenylbutazone , probenecid , increase the concentration of active substances in plasma, which entails a risk of toxicity. Taking allopurinol increases the risk of developing a rash.
Drug interactions
Antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, food, aminoglycosides (when taken orally) slow down and reduce absorption; ascorbic acid increases absorption.
Bactericidal antibiotics (including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, vancomycin, rifampicin) - synergistic action; bacteriostatic drugs (macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) - antagonism of action.
Increases the effectiveness of indirect anticoagulants (suppressing intestinal microflora, reduces the synthesis of vitamin K and the prothrombin index); reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, drugs in the process of metabolism of which PABA is formed, ethinyl estradiol - the risk of developing breakthrough bleeding.
Diuretics, allopurinol, tubular secretion blockers, phenylbutazone, NSAIDs and other drugs that block tubular secretion increase the concentration of the drug in plasma, which increases the risk of toxic effects.
Allopurinol - increases the risk of developing a skin rash.
Use of the drug during pregnancy
A common mistake is doctors refusing to prescribe antibacterial therapy. During pregnancy , with pneumonia due to fear of the negative effects of medications on the fetus. In fact, the list of antibacterial drugs contraindicated during this period is very limited - these are tetracyclines , sulfonamides , chloramphenicol , co-trimoxazole , aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones . β-lactam antibiotics , which include Ampiox, as well as macrolides, are used in pregnant women. These are non-toxic antibiotics that had no effect on the fetus.
Side effects
Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin hyperemia, angioedema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis; fever, arthralgia, eosinophilia, in rare cases - anaphylactic shock;
From the digestive system: change in taste, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rarely - pseudomembranous enterocolitis,
From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia.
General reactions: superinfection, dysbacteriosis.
Local reactions: phlebitis and periphlebitis (with intravenous administration); with IM - infiltration and pain at the injection site.
Ampiox's analogs
Level 4 ATC code matches:
Hiconcil
Ampicillin Trihydrate
Ampicillin
Ospamox
Amoxicar
Penicillin
Flemoxin Solutab
Amoxicillin
Amosin
Amoxil
Ecoball
Synonyms of the drug: Ampicillin + Oxacillin-Borimed , Oxamp capsules , Oxamp-sodium (powder), Oxampicin , Oxamsar . Analogues - Amoxiclav , Amoxicillin .
Reviews
The drug has been known for more than 30 years, and in 1995, the Borshchagovsky Chemical Plant launched the production of the antibiotic Ampiox in capsules, replacing the tablet form. And if in those years the drug was actively used, recently it has given way to more effective ones.
Reviews about the drug are mixed. Most evidence suggests that it is effective for mild infections. At the moment, it is rarely prescribed by doctors, especially when it comes to outpatient treatment of, say, pneumonia . In outpatient practice amoxicillin , amoxicillin / clavulanate , oral cephalosporins , and macrolides ( azithromycin ) are recommended.
According to experts, the doses of ampicillin and oxacillin in this drug are much lower than therapeutic ones, in addition, the different degrees of their metabolism make the drug ineffective. Instead of the previously popular intramuscular injections of Ampiox , augmentin , oxacillin smallpox , flemoxin , produced in oral forms, are used to treat children.
The drug is also ineffective for urinary tract infections, since uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli have a high level of resistance to aminopenicillins . This may be why the drug appears less often in the pharmacy chain, as evidenced by patient reviews.
“... Lately I can’t find Ompiox in pharmacies, neither Russian nor Ukrainian.”
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