Statistics say that every second woman has suffered from thrush at least once in her life. This is not surprising, since the causative agent of the disease, a fungus from the genus Candida, is always present on the mucous membranes of the vaginal area. The disease (candidiasis) develops when optimal conditions are created for the life of the fungus, and its population rapidly increases.
Candidiasis is a common disease
Classification
The Candida family includes about one and a half hundred species of fungi. Of these, 20 species are capable of living in the human body. In 90% of cases, the disease is caused by fungi of the Candida albicans variety.
Candida is transmitted:
- during primary infection - during childbirth or during the first year of life;
- in case of secondary infection - during intimacy (almost 100% probability), through contact and household contact (underwear, household items, food).
If the word “Candida” appears in your test results, do not rush to the pharmacy. The main thing is not the presence of the fungus, but its concentration and the presence of signs of disease. Thrush manifests itself:
- in women - in the form of vulvovaginitis (colpitis);
- in men - in the form of balanoposthitis.
The main signs of thrush in women:
- itching, burning, irritation, swelling, redness of the mucous membranes;
- curdled discharge from the genitals, the smell of the discharge is sour milk;
- pain during sexual intercourse;
- burning when urinating.
If the disease is diagnosed in one “half,” everyone needs treatment. Therapy “one at a time” does not make sense - all the fungi will come back after the first intimacy.
You should not have sex until the thrush is completely cured. If the disease is diagnosed in your sexual partner, and the symptoms do not bother you, you will still have to be treated.
The main signs of infection with Candida fungus in men:
- itching, burning sensation;
- redness, swelling of the head, foreskin, whitish coating;
- pain during intercourse.
Candida is diagnosed in women and men
Candidiasis is diagnosed by:
- external signs;
- results of bacterial culture of smears from the vagina and urethra;
- PCR.
Diflucan
The drug is available in the form of capsules with different dosages, and there is also a solution for intravenous administration. Diflucan is sold without a prescription (only solution - by prescription). The active substance of the drug is fluconazole. The medicine fights most fungi of the genus Candida and cryptococci. "Diflucan" is used for acute forms of thrush and for episodes of recurring candidiasis. The drug is also prescribed to a partner after the woman has recovered.
To quickly suppress uncomplicated thrush, one tablet is enough. If the process is chronic, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment. Diflucan is easy to use, with almost no side effects, and improvement occurs within a day after taking the medicine.
Diflucan
Pfizer (Pfizer), USA
— cryptococcosis, including cryptococcal meningitis and infections of other localizations (for example, lungs, skin), incl.
in patients with a normal immune response and in patients with AIDS, organ transplant recipients and patients with other forms of immunodeficiency; maintenance therapy to prevent relapses of cryptococcosis in patients with AIDS; - generalized candidiasis, including candidemia, disseminated candidiasis and other forms of invasive candidiasis, such as infections of the peritoneum, endocardium, eyes, respiratory and urinary tract, incl. in patients with malignant tumors who are in the ICU and receiving cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs, as well as in patients with other factors predisposing to the development of candidiasis; - candidiasis of the mucous membranes, including the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, non-invasive bronchopulmonary infections, candiduria, mucocutaneous and chronic atrophic candidiasis of the oral cavity (associated with wearing dentures), incl. in patients with normal and suppressed 183
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How to cure thrush during pregnancy?
Statistics say that Candida fungi are detected in 80% of expectant mothers. Before giving birth, you must say goodbye to them. If this event is postponed until later, the baby will become infected during childbirth. Transmission of the fungus is also possible after - during feeding or hygiene procedures. This is fraught with thrush in the mouth, in girls - on the genitals, and a series of subsequent problems with the baby’s health.
To treat expectant mothers, gynecologists prefer to use topical medications - suppositories, tablets, creams. Suppositories Pimafucin and Primafungin can be used in any trimester of pregnancy, Terzhinan tablets - in the second. Systemic drugs are prescribed if the disease cannot be cured locally. Only the doctor prescribes medications and outlines the treatment regimen, depending on the clinical picture; amateur activity is unacceptable here.
Self-medication of candidiasis is unacceptable
Nystatin
Nystatin was one of the first drugs against fungal infections, and it has proven itself to be excellent. The medicine is available in the form of vaginal suppositories, ointments for external use and tablets. Nystatin is prescribed and the course of treatment determined exclusively by the doctor.
"Nystatin" is prescribed only for acute uncomplicated candidiasis or for prevention. The drug stops the proliferation of the fungus, but is not absorbed into the blood. If prescribed by a doctor, it can be used in pregnant and lactating women, as well as after taking antibiotics. The risk of adverse reactions increases if the course of taking the drug is increased. These are mainly abdominal cramps and nausea.
Nystatin
OJSC Borisov Plant of Medical Preparations (Borimed), Belarus
Polyene antifungal antibiotic, highly active against yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida.
The structure of the antibiotic contains double bonds that are highly tropic to the sterol structures of the fungal cell membrane, which facilitates the incorporation of the drug molecule into the cell membrane and the formation of a large number of channels through which uncontrolled transport of electrolytes occurs; An increase in osmolarity inside the cell leads to its death. Resistance develops very slowly. from 37
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Candidiasis - what is it
Candidiasis is a disease caused by a fungus of the genus Candida. This fungus is present in the vagina of the vast majority of women. In developed countries, Candida spores are recognized as a conditionally pathogenic flora. That is, the presence of traces of this fungus in tests is not an indication for treatment if there are no accompanying symptoms. The female vagina contains countless microorganisms. In each specific case, this is the individual composition of the flora.
When a person’s immunity is not weakened, pathogenic bacteria and fungi only provide balance to the constant environment. But as soon as the immunity weakens or an infectious infection occurs, allowing opportunistic microorganisms to gain numerical superiority over other representatives of the microflora, signs of the disease appear.
Candidiasis occurs in the following cases:
- weakened immunity, for example, as a result of pregnancy;
- the balance of the intestinal and vaginal microflora is disturbed, for example, as a result of poisoning or abuse of sweets, as well as after long-term use of large doses of antibiotics;
- infection occurs after unprotected sexual intercourse with a partner who is a carrier of candidiasis;
Regardless of what caused the thrush, drugs from the group of fungicides are prescribed.
Pimafucin
The drug has such forms of release as vaginal suppositories, cream for topical use and tablets for oral administration. The active substance of Pimafucin is natamycin, which has a powerful antifungal effect. You can buy medicine for thrush without a prescription.
Pimafucin has almost no side effects, it is as safe as possible and is prescribed for acute and chronic forms of candidiasis. As prescribed by a doctor, the drug is approved for pregnant and lactating women.
If thrush is acute, it can be eliminated with local treatment. If it is chronic candidiasis, with relapses, you also need to take a course of Pimafucin tablets. An improvement in the condition is noticeable within a day after starting treatment for thrush, but it is important to complete the course of treatment as prescribed by the doctor. At the same time, you need to treat your partner so that thrush does not recur.
Pimafucin
Astellas Pharma Inc., Japan
A modern drug for the treatment of thrush, available in different dosage forms.
One of the few antifungal agents that can be used without restrictions during pregnancy and breastfeeding. from 228
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General information
Modern vaginal antifungal suppositories for thrush are by far the simplest and most convenient method of treating an infection caused by “attacks” of the candida fungus .
This remedy is effective because the active antifungal substance penetrates deep into the mucous membrane. As a result, the pathogen is eliminated, the inflammatory process subsides, and the most unpleasant symptoms of thrush disappear.
Clotrimazole
This drug is intended for topical treatment of thrush. Presented in the form of solutions, ointments, vaginal tablets. Sold in pharmacies without a prescription.
Clotrimazole is prescribed for acute candidiasis and if the disease recurs. In agreement with the doctor, Clotrimazole is used as part of complex therapy for pregnant and lactating women. The drug has a minimum of side effects, mainly discomfort in the intimate area and increased discharge. Clotrimazole cream is well suited for parallel treatment of a partner. The medicine combines well with antibiotics.
Clotrimazole
Hyperion, Romania
Clotrimazole is an imidazole derivative.
Broad-spectrum antifungal agent. Dermatophytes, yeasts (genus Candida, Torulopsis glabrata, Rhodotorula), molds, as well as the pathogen Pityriasis versicolor (lichen versicolor) and the pathogen erythrasma are sensitive to clotrimazole. from 16
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Diagnostics
To determine the presence of candidiasis, you will need to take a scraping and send it for further research to a laboratory to identify pathogenic microflora.
The main goal of laboratory diagnostics is to determine the presence of candida fungus. If the diagnosis is carried out in women, then the diagnosis of thrush is established only when there is a large number of yeast-like fungi, as well as additional symptoms of vaginal dysbiosis.
Candidiasis in men is diagnosed when there is a small number of fungi, which indicates the presence of infection. Severe symptoms will allow the urologist to conduct a more detailed examination.
Which doctor should I contact?
If symptoms appear that indicate candidiasis, a woman should consult a gynecologist, and a man should consult a urologist.
Klion
"Klion" is available in the form of regular and vaginal tablets. Metronidazole is the active substance of oral tablets, metronidazole + miconazole are contained in vaginal tablets. "Klion" is sold by prescription and is prescribed for both acute and chronic forms of thrush. For better effect, the doctor can combine two forms of the drug. Locally, Klion copes well with complex types of vaginosis. The drug has some special instructions for use - the medicine cannot be used without a doctor’s prescription! At the same time, Klion has a minimum of side effects.
Klion
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of thrush in women are:
- Pain that occurs during sexual intercourse.
- Swelling and redness of the mucous membranes.
- Pain with cutting when urinating.
- Pain with the release of cheesy contents from the genital tract, without odor.
- There is itching and burning in the vagina, which can periodically or regularly intensify during sleep, after sexual intercourse, after swimming and during menstruation.
In men, there is a burning sensation and pain during emptying of the bladder, constant or periodic itching, and a white coating on the head of the genital organ.
Diet
For thrush in women, the diet plan should be based on consuming foods that have antibacterial and antifungal effects. These include:
- garlic;
- seafood;
- parsley;
- buckwheat;
- White rice;
- broccoli;
- natural yoghurts;
- oatmeal;
- cucumbers
For men, when diagnosing candidiasis, the diet should be followed for up to 12 months, the minimum is 4 months. During this time you should:
- Avoid consumption of spicy foods and various sauces.
- Completely abstain from alcohol for the entire period of treatment.
- There are only low-fat dishes, those that are steamed, boiled or stewed.
Prevention
Prevention of thrush:
- It is important to wear underwear made exclusively from natural fabrics. It should be such that it does not rub anywhere;
- when playing sports, it is recommended to wash your sports uniform as often as possible;
- in order to maintain hygiene of the genital organs, they should be washed only with water, using a special mild soap;
- Hygiene products should not contain dyes or fragrances;
- for those who suffer from diabetes, blood sugar control should be constant;
- adhere to proper nutrition and actively walk in the fresh air to support your immune system.
