Compound
Since there are several main forms of this drug (injection solution, rectal suppositories), the composition of the drug may vary.
One Pyrogenal suppository, depending on the dosage, may contain 50, 100, 150 or 200 mcg. active bacterial type lipopolysaccharide , as well as auxiliary compounds such as purified water, lanolin and cocoa butter.
In 1 ml. a solution intended for injection may contain 10, 25, 50 or 100 mg. active substance, as well as an auxiliary compound such as phosphate buffer solution , pH, which is in the range of 6.7-7.3.
Pyrogenal
Pyrogenal is a highly active nonspecific immunomodulator with a broad spectrum of action. Pyrogenal causes a whole complex of complex immunological and physiological changes in the body, the main of which are the activation of the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems.
Pyrogenal has adjuvant, desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Pyrogenal activates macrophages, enhances phagocytosis, stimulates the production of interleukin - 1 (IL-1), which causes proliferation of a number of body cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, hematopoietic cells, etc.), interleukin - 2 (IL-2), necessary to maintain growth lymphocytes (primarily T cells), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), induction of endogenous interferon (IF), production of reactive oxygen species. An increase in the functional activity of phagocytes leads to an increase in the body's antimicrobial resistance and accelerated antibody formation.
Thus, due to the activation of macrophage-monocyte lineage cells and the cytokines they secrete, the functional activity of both the cellular and humoral immune response increases.
In connective tissue, under the influence of pyrogenal, the process of development of fibroblasts and the formation of collagen fibers is suppressed, which leads to rejuvenation of the cellular composition of loose connective tissue, and in nervous tissue - to inhibition of the formation of glial scars. Prevents the formation of new ones and resolves previously formed dense scars and adhesions in places of damage, prevents vascular obliteration, stimulates tissue regeneration and epithelization.
Stimulates the activity of hyaluronidase, improves the fibrinolytic properties of blood, increases the activity of lysosomal enzymes, stimulates the kinin system, increases tissue permeability and accelerates the penetration of drugs into the lesion. Promotes the process of resorption of foci of inflammation and restoration of blood circulation.
Activates the function of the pituitary gland - adrenal cortex system, increases the concentration of hormones in the blood, has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Acts on the thermoregulation center, creating a controlled pyrogenic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
When pyrogenal is introduced into the body, 85-90% of lipopolysaccharide is fixed on the surface of circulating leukocytes, about 10% remains in the circulating plasma and about 5% is adsorbed on the membranes of erythrocytes.
After administration of the drug, leukopenia develops in the latent period (45-90 minutes), which is replaced by leukocytosis, which lasts for 24-48 hours. Excreted from the body with urine.
Release form
Suppositories, distinguished by white or yellowish color, with a diameter of 10 mm. with a pointed end of a cylindrical shape and uniform consistency, produced in specialized packaging (contour cells) in a set of 3 pieces. dosage of 50 mg, 3 pcs. – 100 mg each, 3 pcs. - 150 mg each, as well as 3 pcs. – 200 mg. As a result, one cardboard package of Pyrogenal contains a set of candles (12 pcs.).
The solution intended for injection is packaged in special ampoules. One cardboard package of the medicine contains 10 ampoules of 1 ml each. solution in each.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
This drug belongs to immunomodulators , which have a wide spectrum of action. The compounds included in Pyrogenal affect the hypothalamus, the adrenal cortex, and the pituitary gland. In addition, the drug affects the fibrinolytic as well as the reticuloendothelial system.
LPS increases the level of corticosteroids in the blood , and also affects the functioning of the adrenal cortex , increases resistance and changes the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus , thereby creating a pyrogenic effect that can be controlled. The drug interacts with the phagocytic system, thus triggering the synthesis of IL-2 , as well as IL-1 , the secretion of oxygen radicals and IFN (interferon) .
Pyrogenal is involved in stimulating the body's kinin system , prevents the synthesis of collagen by fibroblasts and accelerates the maturation of fibrocytes . By stimulating hyaluronidosis , as well as reducing the production of collagen fibers , this medicine increases tissue permeability, ultimately improving the fibrinolytic properties of the blood , and increasing the rate of distribution of active compounds in the body.
The drug helps speed up the process of resorption of previously formed scars in the lesions, and also prevents the process of formation of adhesions . In addition, the medicinal compound has regenerative properties and helps in restoring lost body functions to the wound.
Pyrogenalum
Pyrogenal is a highly active nonspecific immunomodulator with a broad spectrum of action. Pyrogenal causes a whole complex of complex immunological and physiological changes in the body, the main of which are the activation of the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems.
Pyrogenal has adjuvant, desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Pyrogenal activates macrophages, enhances phagocytosis, stimulates the production of interleukin - 1 (IL-1), which causes proliferation of a number of body cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, hematopoietic cells, etc.), interleukin - 2 (IL-2), necessary to maintain growth lymphocytes (primarily T cells), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), induction of endogenous interferon (IF), production of reactive oxygen species. An increase in the functional activity of phagocytes leads to an increase in the body's antimicrobial resistance and accelerated antibody formation.
Thus, due to the activation of macrophage-monocyte cells and the cytokines they secrete, the functional activity of both the cellular and humoral immune response increases.
In connective tissue, under the influence of pyrogenal, the process of development of fibroblasts and the formation of collagen fibers is suppressed, which leads to rejuvenation of the cellular composition of loose connective tissue, and in nervous tissue - to inhibition of the formation of glial scars. Prevents the formation of new ones and resolves previously formed dense scars and adhesions in places of damage, prevents vascular obliteration, stimulates tissue regeneration and epithelization.
Stimulates the activity of hyaluronidase, improves the fibrinolytic properties of blood, increases the activity of lysosomal enzymes, stimulates the quinine system, increases tissue permeability and accelerates the penetration of drugs into the lesion. Promotes the process of resorption of foci of inflammation and restoration of blood circulation.
Activates the function of the pituitary gland - adrenal cortex system, increases the concentration of hormones in the blood, has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
Acts on the thermoregulation center, creating a controlled pyrogenic effect.
Indications for use
Both suppositories and Pyrogenal injection solution are used in the treatment of the following diseases:
- strictures of the ureters as well as the urethra ;
- liver diseases (chronic);
- urethritis;
- prostatitis;
- abdominal diseases;
- in gynecology - sexually transmitted diseases, secondary infertility, inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages;
- burn diseases.
Rectal suppositories are used to treat human papillomavirus , and the drug is also used as an immunorehabilitation and immunoprophylactic agent during the recovery period of patients after viral and bacterial diseases.
Pyrogenal injection solution is used in the treatment of damage to the nervous system (peripheral, central) caused by trauma , as well as tuberculosis (sluggish form), iridocyclitis , corneal opacities, uveitis, psoriasis, eye infections and as a pyrogenic agent in pyrotherapy.
Often this drug is used during autohemo provocation (i.e., a procedure for transfusion of blood from a vein into the gluteal region). Moreover, Pyrogenal is used for provocation in men as often as for provocation in women.
Side effects
When using Pyrogenal rectal suppositories, body temperature may increase to a maximum of 37.6 C, as well as primary flu symptoms (fatigue, chills, nausea, fever, arthralgia, headaches and myalgia).
When using a medicinal solution for injection, the same side effects may occur, and lower back pain may also occur and body temperature may rise to 39.5 C. It is worth noting that the above side effects of the drug are quite acceptable when used during pyrotherapy .
Pyrogenal, 50 mcg, rectal suppositories, 10 pcs.
Characteristics of drugs.
A mixture of lipopolysaccharide isolated from the bacteria
Salmonella typhi
with a filler.
Pharmaceutical action.
A broad-spectrum immunomodulator that activates the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems. It has desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Indications.
Injuries of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, tuberculosis (torpid form in the resorption phase), chronic liver diseases, strictures of the urethra, ureters, chronic prostatitis, urethritis, uveitis, iridocyclitis, herpetic eye infection, corneal opacities, inflammation of the uterine appendages, infertility, abdominal adhesive disease cavities, burn disease, sexually transmitted diseases, psoriasis and other chronic skin diseases. For pyrotherapy.
Contraindications.
Acute febrile diseases, chronic diseases in the stage of exacerbation and decompensation (with the exception of diseases that are an indication for the drug), blood diseases, pregnancy.
With caution:
diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, diabetes mellitus, decreased seizure threshold, seizures, febrile seizures.
Dosage regimen.
IM,
1 time per day every other day, if necessary, the drug is diluted with 0.9% NaCl solution.
The initial single dose is 0.2 mcg, in subsequent days the dose is gradually increased by 2.5–5 mcg. The maximum single dose is 100 mcg. The full course is 10–30 injections; if necessary, the course can be repeated after 2–3 months. For pyrotherapy - intramuscularly once a day, starting with 5–10 mcg and increasing the dose to 100–150 mcg. Injections are carried out after 1–2 days. Rectally,
1 sup. per day every day or every other day, initial dose - 50 mcg, maximum dose - 200 mcg. The course of treatment is 12–15 supp. The recommended treatment regimen is: 50, 50, 50, 100, 100, 100, 150, 150, 150, 200, 200, 200 mcg. When using suppositories as monotherapy for immunorehabilitation in case of incomplete recovery after an acute bacterial or viral disease, suppositories of 50 or 100 mcg should be used. The course of treatment is 5–10 supp. Simultaneous treatment with suppositories and intramuscular injections is possible.
Side effects.
Hyperthermia (up to 37.5 °C, chills, malaise; rarely - hyperthermia (up to 39.5 °C), severe chills, headache, lower back pain.
Special instructions.
If, with intramuscular administration, hyperthermia, chills, and malaise usually occur within 3–8 hours, then the dosage that caused such a reaction is repeated in the following days (usually 1–3 days) until the reaction stops, after which the dose is successively increased. If hyperthermia up to 39.5 °C, severe chills, headache, and lower back pain occur within 6–8 hours, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug. When using the drug for pyrotherapy, the above reactions are acceptable. In the presence of convulsive readiness, the drug is prescribed against the background of anticonvulsant therapy.
Pyrogenal injections, instructions for use (Method and dosage)
Intramuscular injections of Pyrogenal are given every other day, one injection per day. To prepare a medicinal solution, the drug is mixed with sodium chloride. The course of therapeutic treatment begins with a dose of 2.5 mg, and then gradually increases every day by a maximum of 5 mg. The maximum permitted single dosage of the drug does not exceed 100 mg.
As a rule, the course of treatment is limited to 10-30 injections. Injections begin to be used again after at least two months have passed since the previous course of treatment. This form of the drug is used in pyrotherapy in a dosage of 10-25 mg. with a gradual increase to 150 mgk. Usually injections are given after 1 or 2 days.
According to the instructions for Pyrogenal suppositories, use one suppository per day rectally at a dosage of 50 mcg. The maximum dosage of the drug is 200 mg. per day. Patients are recommended to use the following drug treatment regimen - suppositories are administered rectally three times a day in a dosage of 50, 100, 150 or 120 mg.
As a rule, approximately 12 Pyrogenal suppositories are consumed for one course of treatment. Suppositories are often used for immunorehabilitation , as well as immunoprophylactic treatment during the recovery period after acute viral and bacterial diseases in a dosage of 50 or 100 mg. Typically, the course of such treatment is limited to a maximum of 10 suppositories.
Pyrogenal suppositories and injections can be combined.
Pyrogenal, 100 mcg, rectal suppositories, 10 pcs.
Characteristics of drugs.
A mixture of lipopolysaccharide isolated from the bacteria
Salmonella typhi
with a filler.
Pharmaceutical action.
A broad-spectrum immunomodulator that activates the reticuloendothelial, hypothalamic-pituitary and fibrinolytic systems. It has desensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, increases the general and specific resistance of the body, and affects the thermoregulatory centers of the hypothalamus.
Indications.
Injuries of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, tuberculosis (torpid form in the resorption phase), chronic liver diseases, strictures of the urethra, ureters, chronic prostatitis, urethritis, uveitis, iridocyclitis, herpetic eye infection, corneal opacities, inflammation of the uterine appendages, infertility, abdominal adhesive disease cavities, burn disease, sexually transmitted diseases, psoriasis and other chronic skin diseases. For pyrotherapy.
Contraindications.
Acute febrile diseases, chronic diseases in the stage of exacerbation and decompensation (with the exception of diseases that are an indication for the drug), blood diseases, pregnancy.
With caution:
diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, diabetes mellitus, decreased seizure threshold, seizures, febrile seizures.
Dosage regimen.
IM,
1 time per day every other day, if necessary, the drug is diluted with 0.9% NaCl solution.
The initial single dose is 0.2 mcg, in subsequent days the dose is gradually increased by 2.5–5 mcg. The maximum single dose is 100 mcg. The full course is 10–30 injections; if necessary, the course can be repeated after 2–3 months. For pyrotherapy - intramuscularly once a day, starting with 5–10 mcg and increasing the dose to 100–150 mcg. Injections are carried out after 1–2 days. Rectally,
1 sup. per day every day or every other day, initial dose - 50 mcg, maximum dose - 200 mcg. The course of treatment is 12–15 supp. The recommended treatment regimen is: 50, 50, 50, 100, 100, 100, 150, 150, 150, 200, 200, 200 mcg. When using suppositories as monotherapy for immunorehabilitation in case of incomplete recovery after an acute bacterial or viral disease, suppositories of 50 or 100 mcg should be used. The course of treatment is 5–10 supp. Simultaneous treatment with suppositories and intramuscular injections is possible.
Side effects.
Hyperthermia (up to 37.5 °C, chills, malaise; rarely - hyperthermia (up to 39.5 °C), severe chills, headache, lower back pain.
Special instructions.
If, with intramuscular administration, hyperthermia, chills, and malaise usually occur within 3–8 hours, then the dosage that caused such a reaction is repeated in the following days (usually 1–3 days) until the reaction stops, after which the dose is successively increased. If hyperthermia up to 39.5 °C, severe chills, headache, and lower back pain occur within 6–8 hours, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug. When using the drug for pyrotherapy, the above reactions are acceptable. In the presence of convulsive readiness, the drug is prescribed against the background of anticonvulsant therapy.
Analogs
Level 4 ATX code matches:
Estifan
Septilin
Sodium nucleinate
Gepon
Imudon
Immunal
Respibron
Ruzam
Phlogenzyme
Glutoxim
Histamine dihydrochloride
Timalin
Cycloferon
Uro-Vaxom
Engystol
Imunofan
Imunorix
Kipferon
Tsitovir-3
There are currently no structural analogues of Pyrogenal.
Pyrogenal price, where to buy
You can buy Pyrogenal suppositories and injection solution freely in many pharmacies. The cost of the drug depends on the form of release and the region. For example, the average price of Pyrogenal in ampoules varies from 350 to 500 rubles, and rectal suppositories - from 570 to 800 rubles.
- Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia
- Online pharmacies in KazakhstanKazakhstan
ZdravCity
- Pyrogenal solution for injection 100 µg/ml 1 ml 10 pcs. NIIEM im.
N.F. Gamaleya 1574 rub. order - Pyrogenal solution for in. 50 µg/ml 1 ml 10 pcs. NIIEM im. N.F. Gamaleya
RUB 1,516 order
- Pyrogenal solution for intramuscular injection. amp. 25mcg/ml 1ml No. 10NIIEM im. N.F. Gamaleya
RUB 1,276 order
- Pyrogenal solution for intramuscular injection. amp. 10mcg/ml 1ml No. 10NIIEM im. N.F. Gamaleya
RUB 1,203 order
Pharmacy Dialogue
- Pyrogenal (amp. 100 µg 1 ml No. 10) Medgamal
RUB 1,472 order
- Pyrogenal (sup. rect. set No. 12 (3 pieces each, 50,100,150,200)) Medgamal
RUB 2,258 order
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