Amphetamine is one of the most common drugs in the world.
This drug is a synthetic derivative of phenylethylamine and is characterized as a central nervous system stimulant as well as an anorexigenic drug. This psychostimulant was not always used by drug addicts. Amphetamine as a medicine has been actively used in medicine to treat narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, today pills such as amphetamine cannot be found on sale. The substance is prohibited by law. Its circulation is carefully monitored by departmental authorities. A fairly common substance belonging to the amphetamine series is MDMA or 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methamphetamine. Among drug addicts, MDMA is an analogue of ecstasy. Is it possible to buy drugs at a pharmacy? What medications contain amphetamine or methamphetamine? Do such drugs exist?
- You can't convince me to get treatment
? - We will help you with motivation for treatment. As a rule, it is difficult for loved ones to persuade or force an addict to undergo treatment. World experts have developed EFFECTIVE motivation schemes, using which you can lead an addict to the decision to seek help. 8
Amphetamine-like tablets
Quite often, Phenamine tablets are called amphetamine. This substance is a nervous system stimulant. In the drug environment you can find white or gray powder, which is inhaled or used to create injections. The drug Phenamine cannot be bought in a pharmacy without a prescription, so most often it is produced in artisanal conditions. Further in the article you will find out which drugs contain amphetamine, and also whether it is possible to combine amphetamine and painkillers and other drugs to enhance its effect. So which pills contain amphetamine?
Pharmacological properties of the drug Nalbuphine
A synthetic agonist-antagonist of opioid receptors (agonist of κ- and antagonist of μ-opioid receptors) of the phenanthrene series, structurally close to both naloxone and oxymorphone. Activates the endogenous antinociceptive system through κ-opiate receptors, disrupts the interneuronal transmission of pain impulses at various levels of the central nervous system. By influencing the higher parts of the brain, it changes the emotional coloring of pain. Inhibits conditioned reflexes, has a sedative effect, causes dysphoria, miosis, and stimulates the vomiting center. To a lesser extent than morphine, promedol, fentanyl, depress the respiratory center and affect the motility of the digestive tract. Does not affect hemodynamics. The risk of developing addiction and opioid dependence with controlled use is significantly lower than for opioid agonists. With intravenous administration, the effect develops within a few minutes, with intramuscular administration - after 10–15 minutes. The maximum effect occurs after 30–60 minutes, duration of action is 3–6 hours. When administered orally, it is 4–5 times less active than when administered intramuscularly. The time to reach maximum concentration with intramuscular administration is 0.5–1 hour. Metabolized in the liver. It is excreted in the form of metabolites with bile and excreted in small quantities by the kidneys. Penetrates the placental barrier and can cause respiratory depression in the newborn during the postpartum period. Less than 1% is excreted in breast milk. The half-life is 2.5–3 hours.
Nalbuphine solution for injection, 1 ml in ampoules, 10 mg/ml, 10 pcs.
Nalbuphine contains 0.16 mmol (or 3.67 mg) sodium per 10 mg dose of the drug and 0.32 mmol (or 7.34 mg) sodium per 20 mg dose, i.e. almost free of sodium.
It is not recommended to use the drug without appropriate diagnostics for surgical abdominal syndrome, since Nalbuphine can mask its manifestations.
Nalbuphine has a moderate ability to cause respiratory depression, so its use may provoke the development of respiratory failure.
In patients suffering from drug addiction, the drug can cause an acute withdrawal attack.
Physical and mental dependence is possible during prolonged use in combination with other morphine derivatives. Sudden cessation of long-term use may cause withdrawal symptoms.
It is not recommended to use Nalbuphine in outpatient settings due to the risk of daytime sleepiness.
Nalbuphine should be used with caution in women with cervical dilatation of 4 cm. In this case, administration should be avoided.
The drug should be used with caution in the presence of the following factors: old age, cachexia, liver and kidney failure, respiratory failure (including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, uremia), premature birth and possibly fetal immaturity, cholelithiasis, severe inflammatory bowel diseases, bronchial asthma, arrhythmia, arterial hypertension, hypothyroidism, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral stenosis, suicidal tendencies, emotional lability, weakened condition of the patient.
Due to the fact that the drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys, the need to use nalbuphine in patients with hepatic and/or renal insufficiency should be carefully considered, and if necessary, reduce the dose and carefully monitor the patient's condition.
When using nalbuphine in patients who are planning surgical intervention for surgical pathology of the digestive system, one should keep in mind the high risk of developing spasm of the sphincter of Oddi.
Patients with opiate dependence may develop withdrawal symptoms (withdrawal) when taking nalbuphine. In this case, it is necessary to prescribe morphine intravenously slowly with a gradual increase in dose until the pain disappears. If the patient was receiving morphine, meperidine, codeine, or another opioid analgesic with a similar duration of activity before starting nalbuphine, first prescribe 25% of the required dose of nalbuphine and monitor the patient for possible withdrawal symptoms (abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, anxiety, excitability, hyperthermia or piloerection). If withdrawal symptoms do not occur, the dose of nalbuphine should be gradually increased at recommended intervals until the desired level of pain relief is achieved.
Use of the drug Nalbuphine
S/c, i/m, i/v. For pain - IV or IM 0.15–0.3 mg/kg. Can be administered repeatedly, if necessary, every 4–6 hours. The maximum single dose is 0.3 mg/kg, the maximum daily dose is 2.4 mg/kg. The duration of the appointment is no more than 3 days. If myocardial infarction is suspected, 10–20 mg IV slowly. If necessary, the dose can be increased to 30 mg. In the absence of clear positive dynamics of the pain syndrome - 20 mg again after 30 minutes. For premedication - 100–200 mcg/kg. For induction of anesthesia - 0.3-1 mg/kg over a period of 10-15 minutes, for maintenance of anesthesia - 250-500 mcg/kg every 30 minutes. The initial single dose for children is 300 mcg/kg IV, IM, SC. You can re-enter if necessary.
Medicines containing amphetamine
Vyvanse
So-called “amphetamine tablets”, a stimulant from the amphetamine group. Vyvanse or Lisdexamfetamine is used medically to treat ADHD in children. This psychotropic drug has a fairly long-lasting effect - up to 12 hours. In addiction medicine, Vyvanse is known as a pharmaceutical drug that quickly becomes addictive. It is widely used in the USA and Canada.
Dexedrine
It is the oldest psychostimulant and “pharmaceutical amphetamine”, which is common in the states and Europe. The medicine is used to treat obesity, ADHD and is an isomer of amphetamine. Dexedrine is not included in the approved amphetamine drugs in Russia. The drug can cause addiction and there is a risk of abuse as a narcotic substance.
Adderall
Adderall, or dextroamphetamine sulfate, comes in capsule and tablet form. This is a fairly common amphetamine drug that is produced mostly in the United States. The drug is quite dangerous and is included in the list of pharmaceutical drugs even abroad. It is sold in pharmacies strictly according to a doctor's prescription. Adderall contains amphetamine salts and is used to enhance cognitive abilities and treat narcolepsy. The drug is not only a euphoretic, but also an aphrodisiac, and is also used in sports as a dope.
Now you know which medications contain amphetamine.
Do you want to know about the cost of services?
8 call our specialist
Side effects of the drug Nalbuphine
Lethargy, drowsiness, confusion, dizziness, headache, agitation, euphoria or depression, hallucinations; lability of blood pressure and heart rate; nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, dyspepsia, cramping pain; urticaria, anaphylactic or anaphylactoid shock, bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, itching, sneezing; pulmonary edema; decrease in minute volume of breathing; increased sweating, pain at the injection site, drug dependence, drug withdrawal syndrome (cramping abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, general weakness, anxiety, fever).
How to enhance the effect of amphetamine?
What enhances the effects of amphetamine? Particularly dangerous is the combination of amphetamine-type drugs and psychotropic substances, such as MAO inhibitors, antidepressants and psychostimulants. They affect the concentration of neurotransmitters and enhance the effects of amphetamine. However, combining these drugs may have different effects on people. If a person has a fast enough metabolism, they will experience severe side effects from the combination of amphetamine and other drugs. How to prolong the effects of amphetamine?
MAOI
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are biologically active substances that inhibit enzymes contained in nerve endings that prevent destruction, and also help increase the concentration of dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, etc.
MAO inhibitors include the following amphetamine drugs: Nialamid, the drug Garmaline and the drug Moclobemide.
Amphetamine-containing drugs increase the release of neurotransmitters, and inhibitors slow down their elimination. This is how the effect of enhancing the action of amphetamine occurs. Naturally, this combination leads to disruption of the internal organs and systems of the body, as well as the central nervous system.
Consequences of combining amphetamine and MAOI:
- panic attacks;
- hemorrhage;
- diseases of the cardiovascular system;
- hypertension;
- tachycardia;
- serotonin syndrome;
- renal failure;
- pulmonary edema.
Trying to enhance the effect of the “hairdryer”, many drug addicts resort to the use of MAO inhibitors, but most often this leads to severe intoxication and death.
Combination of amphetamine and antidepressants
It is better not to mix such tablets with amphetamine. Antidepressants are drugs designed to improve a person's mood and performance. The combination of amphetamine with SSRIs (selective inhibitors) and antidepressants can lead to the development of intoxication and serotonin syndrome, which is characterized by the following symptoms:
- cramps, spasms;
- hallucinations;
- agitation;
- arrhythmia;
- sweating;
- headache;
- high pressure.
Antidepressants block the enzyme that is responsible for the breakdown of amphetamines, resulting in an increase in the concentration of psychoactive substances, which greatly increases the side effects of this combination. The following antidepressants enhance the effect of the psychostimulant: Zoloft (Sertraline), Prozac (Fluoxetine) and Fevarin (Fluvoxamine).
Psychostimulants
The effect of cocaine and methamphetamine is quite similar to stimulants; these substances also give a person euphoria, improve mood and give a narcotic “high”. Ecstasy and mescaline have a slightly different drug effect. Combinations of narcotic substances lead to harmful consequences for the entire human body. Specialists from the Center for Healthy Youth can help addicts cope with polydrug addiction. Our modern drug treatment center has everything necessary for the treatment of drug addiction.
Drug interactions Nalbuphine
Strengthens the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system of drugs for general anesthesia, hypnotics, antihistamines, anxiolytics, antipsychotics, antidepressants. Ethanol enhances the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system. It should not be combined with other narcotic analgesics due to the risk of weakening analgesia and the possibility of provoking drug withdrawal syndrome in patients with drug addiction. In combination with phenothiazine and penicillin derivatives, it may increase nausea and vomiting. Pharmaceutically compatible with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 5% dextrose solution and Hartmann solution in glass, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene containers.
Medicines containing amphetamine
Pills containing amphetamine do exist and are used for medical purposes. However, it is impossible to buy them at a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. All other methods of obtaining amphetamine without a prescription are illegal and punishable under the legislation of the Russian Federation.
What drugs contain amphetamine?
Some drug addicts who have been using the drug for a long time think about how to enhance the effect and effect of amphetamine. Such drugs actually exist in modern medicine. These are new drugs that can not only significantly increase the effect of amphetamine, but also its side effects. The lethal effect of their combination is far from uncommon.
Amphetamine excites the central nervous system as it is a psychostimulant. It increases the concentration of substances such as dopamine and norepinephrine. There is dexamphetamine and levamphetamine, which are used in medicine. So, what does amphetamine contain?
Overdose of the drug Nalbuphine, symptoms and treatment
Manifested by hypoventilation of the lungs, loss of consciousness, periodic Cheyne-Stokes breathing, pallor of the skin, hypothermia, miosis, decreased blood pressure, cardiovascular failure, stupor, coma, depression of the respiratory center. Control and maintenance of adequate pulmonary ventilation, systemic hemodynamics and body temperature, and oxygen therapy are indicated. For respiratory depression - IV naloxone or nalorphine.
List of pharmacies where you can buy Nalbuphine:
- Moscow
- Saint Petersburg
