pharmachologic effect
Cavinton tablets - what are they for? The main active ingredient is vinpocetine . Belongs to the group of cerebrovasodilating agents. The drug improves cerebral metabolism, cerebral circulation, and rheological properties of blood. Cavinton has a cerebroprotective effect, significantly reduces the severity of the damaging effects of amino acids , and inhibits the activity of transmembrane calcium and sodium channels, AMPA and NMDA receptors. The drug Cavinton has a potentiating effect on the neuroprotective effect of adenosine . Vinpocetine increases absorption, improves absorption, metabolism of oxygen and glucose in the brain. The drug is able to shift glucose metabolism to a more beneficial energetic aerobic direction. Stimulates the cerebral metabolism of serotonin and norepinephrine , has an antioxidant, stimulating effect on the noradrenergic system.
Pharmacological properties of the drug Cavinton solution for infusion
Cavinton has a complex mechanism of action, exerting a beneficial effect on cerebral circulation and cerebral metabolism, as well as on the rheological properties of blood. The neuroprotective effect of Cavinton is due to the following mechanisms:
- reducing the severity of cytotoxic reactions caused by stimulating amino acids;
- inhibition of the functional activity of both cellular transmembrane sodium and calcium channels, and NMDA and AMPA receptors;
- potentiation of the neuroprotective effect of adenosine;
- stimulation of cerebral metabolism, increased absorption and assimilation of glucose and oxygen by cells;
- increasing the resistance of neurons to hypoxia: stimulating the transport of glucose, a universal source of energy for brain cells across the BBB;
- shifting glucose metabolism towards an energetically more favorable aerobic direction;
- selective inhibition of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent cGMP phosphodiesterase, increasing the concentration of cAMP and cGMP in brain tissue, as well as the concentration of ATP and the ATP/AMP ratio;
- stimulation of cerebral metabolism of norepinephrine and serotonin, ascending noradrenergic system;
- has an antioxidant effect.
These mechanisms of action provide the cerebroprotective effect of Cavinton. Cavinton improves microcirculation in brain tissue by blocking platelet aggregation; reducing increased blood viscosity; increasing the ability of red blood cells to deform and inhibiting their absorption of adenosine; promoting interstitial oxygen transport by reducing the affinity of red blood cells for it. Cavinton selectively increases cerebral blood flow:
- increases the brain fraction of IOC;
- reduces the resistance of cerebral vessels without significantly affecting the parameters of general blood flow, has virtually no effect on blood pressure, blood flow, heart rate and peripheral vascular resistance;
- does not cause the “steal” phenomenon; on the contrary, its use primarily increases the blood supply to the ischemic but still viable area of the brain with a low level of perfusion - the “reverse steal” phenomenon.
Pharmacokinetics. When administered parenterally, the volume of distribution is 5.3 l/kg body weight. The half-life is 4.7 hours.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Cavinton selectively improves cerebral circulation: increases the cerebral fraction of minute blood volume, reduces the resistance of the blood vessels of the brain, without affecting the general blood circulation (heart rate, minute volume, blood pressure, peripheral vascular resistance). The drug does not cause steal syndrome. It improves blood supply to the ischemic but viable area of the brain, causing the phenomenon of “reverse steal”. Increases the resistance of brain cells to hypoxia , improves microcirculation, reduces platelet aggregation, resists pathologically high blood viscosity, increases the deformability of erythrocytes, and has a blocking effect on the absorption of adenosine by erythrocytes .
The tablets are absorbed within an hour. It is not metabolized in the intestine. It is excreted in feces and urine in a ratio of 2 to 3.
The concentration of the solution for infusion is therapeutic in plasma in the range of 10-20 ng/ml. It is excreted via the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys in a ratio of 2 to 3.
Side effects of the drug Cavinton solution for infusion
from the heart (0.9%): depression of the ST and prolongation of the P–Q , tachycardia, extrasystole. The connection of these disorders with the use of the drug is questionable due to their spontaneous occurrence; from the vascular system (2.5%): slight changes in blood pressure, mainly in the direction of its decrease; skin hyperemia, phlebitis; from the central nervous system (0.9%): sleep disturbance (insomnia, drowsiness), dizziness, headache, weakness, increased sweating may occur during use of the drug, but more often they are symptoms of the underlying disease; from the gastrointestinal tract (0.6%): dry mouth, nausea, heartburn; on the skin: in isolated cases, allergic symptoms were noted.
Indications for use
What is the medicine Cavinton for? The purpose of the drug is extensive. Indications for the use of Cavinton in injections (droppers) and in tablets are general.
- Neurology: transient ischemia , vascular dementia , progressive stroke , cerebral vascular atherosclerosis vertebrobasilar insufficiency , post-stroke condition, hypertensive, post-traumatic encephalopathy and other types of cerebral circulatory insufficiency. Neurological, mental disorders in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency ( aphasia , memory impairment, apraxia, headaches, movement disorders).
- Ophthalmology: vascular lesions of the eyes (angiospasm of the retina and choroid, atherosclerosis, degenerative diseases, secondary glaucoma , thrombosis, embolism ).
- Otorhinolaryngology: hearing loss of age-related, toxic and vascular origin, cochleovestibular neuritis , Meniere's disease , dizziness, tinnitus, vasovegetative manifestations in the menopause.
What is Cavinton used for?
The drug eliminates vascular damage, restores blood circulation, microcirculation and normal metabolism in various locations. Therefore, the list of his indications is extensive.
Neurological disorders:
- vertebrobasilar insufficiency of cerebral vessels;
- post-stroke condition: as part of complex treatment;
- transient ischemic attacks;
- vascular dementia;
- encephalopathy after traumatic brain injury, as a result of hypertension;
- damage to various parts of the brain associated with disruption of their nutrition and blood supply;
- memory impairment, mental disorders;
- movement coordination disorders;
- headache.
In ophthalmology, Cavinton is used to relieve vascular disorders that have caused deterioration of vision and the development of degenerative processes:
- with vasospasm, dystrophy of the retina of the fundus of the eye;
- atherosclerotic changes in capillaries;
- with secondary glaucoma;
- for diabetic eye lesions;
- with thrombosis and embolic processes.
In otolaryngology, Cavinton is used for hearing impairment and lesions of the vestibular apparatus:
- age-related dizziness;
- Meniere's disease;
- hearing loss;
- motion sickness syndrome;
- tinnitus;
- cochleovestibular neuritis;
- complications caused by inflammation of the middle ear;
- various vasovegetative pathologies.
Instructions for use of Cavinton (Method and dosage)
Cavinton tablets, instructions for use
The course of drug treatment is on average 3 months (acceptable from 1 to 8). Cavinton is taken after meals, 1 tablet three times a day. When discontinuing the drug, the dose must be reduced gradually over 3 days.
Instructions for using Cavinton in ampoules
Cavinton's solution is administered intravenously via a drip at a dose of 20 mg per 500 ml of saline. solution per day. Intramuscular injections are prohibited. The infusion solution must be used within 3 hours of preparation. The maximum dripping speed is 80 drops per minute.
Cavinton 2mg No. 10 ampoules
Cavinton®( CAVINTON® )
Cavinton-Forte® ( CAVINTON - FORTE ®)
Compound
Tablets – Cavinton 5 mg
: 5.0 mg vinpocetine per tablet.
Cavinton Forte
: 10.0 mg vinpocetine per tablet.
Solution - 1 ml of solution for injection contains 5 mg of vinpocetine
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Psychostimulants, inotropic substances.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Vinpocetine is a compound with a complex mechanism of action that has a beneficial effect on brain metabolism and improves blood supply, as well as improves the rheological properties of the blood.
Vinpocetine exhibits neuroprotective effects: the drug weakens the harmful effects of cytotoxic reactions caused by stimulating amino acids. The drug inhibits voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels, as well as NMDA and AMPA receptors. The drug enhances the neuroprotective effect of adenosine.
Vinpocetine stimulates cerebral metabolism: the drug increases the uptake of glucose and O2 and the consumption of these substances by brain tissue. The drug increases the brain's resistance to hypoxia; increases the transport of glucose - an exceptional source of energy for the brain - across the blood-brain barrier; shifts glucose metabolism towards an energetically more favorable aerobic pathway; selectively inhibits the Ca-calmodulin-dependent enzyme cGMP-phosphodiesgerase (PDE); increases the level of cAMP and cGMP in the brain. The drug increases the concentration of ATP and the ATP/AMP ratio; increases the turnover of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain; stimulates the ascending noradrenergic system; has antioxidant activity; As a result of all of the above effects, vinpocetine has a cerebroprotective effect.
Vinpocetine improves microcirculation in the brain: the drug inhibits platelet aggregation; reduces pathologically increased blood viscosity; increases the deformability of red blood cells and inhibits the uptake of adenosine; improves O2 transport in tissues by reducing the affinity of O2 to red blood cells.
Vinpocetine selectively increases blood flow in the brain: the drug increases the cerebral fraction of cardiac output; reduces vascular resistance in the brain without affecting the parameters of systemic circulation (blood pressure, cardiac output, pulse rate, total peripheral resistance); the drug does not cause a “stealing effect”. Moreover, the drug improves blood flow to damaged (but not yet necrotic) ischemic areas with low perfusion (“reverse steal effect”).
Pharmacokinetics
The absolute oral bioavailability of vinpocetine is 7%. Blood protein binding is 66%. With repeated oral administration of the drug at a dose of 5 mg and 10 mg, vinpocetine demonstrates linear kinetics .
The half-life in humans is 83±1.29 hours. Apovinamic acid is excreted through the kidneys by simple glomerular filtration; the half-life of this substance varies depending on the dose and method of administration of vinpocetine. The main metabolite of vinpocetine is apovincamine acid (AVA), which is formed in 25-30% of people.
An important and significant property of vinpocetine is the absence of the need for special selection of the dose of the drug in patients with liver or kidney diseases due to the metabolism of the drug and the lack of accumulation (accumulation). In patients with kidney or liver disease, no special dose adjustment is required.
Indications
Neurology: For the treatment of various forms of cerebrovascular pathology: conditions after a cerebrovascular accident (stroke), vertebrobasilar insufficiency, vascular dementia, cerebral atherosclerosis, post-traumatic and hypertensive encephalopathy. Helps reduce mental and neurological symptoms in cerebrovascular pathology.
Ophthalmology: For the treatment of chronic vascular pathology of the choroid (choroid) and retina (for example, thrombosis, obstruction of the central artery or retinal vein).
Otorhinolaryngology: For the treatment of senile hearing loss in acute vascular pathology, toxic (drug) damage or other origin (idiopathic, due to noise exposure), Meniere's disease and tinnitus.
Directions for use and doses
Pills
The usual daily dose is 1 or 2 Cavinton tablets 3 times a day or 1 Cavinton Forte tablet 3 times a day. The tablets should be taken after meals.
Patients with kidney or liver diseases do not require a special dose.
Solution
Used only as a slow intravenous drip infusion! (the infusion rate should not exceed a maximum of 80 drops/minute!). For drip infusion, the initial daily dose is usually 20 mg in 500 ml of solution for infusion. This dose can be increased to 1 mg/kg body mass per day for 2-3 days, depending on the patient’s tolerability of the drug.
The average duration of therapy is 10-14 days, the usual daily dose is 50 mg/day (50 mg in 500 ml solution for infusion) - based on a body weight of 70 kg.
Cavinton for injection can be diluted with any type of saline or glucose solution for infusion (for example, Salsol, Ringer, Rindex, Reomacrodex). The infusion solution must be used within 3 hours after preparation.
The use of Cavinton for injection in children is contraindicated!
The drug cannot be administered intramuscularly, and the drug cannot be administered intravenously without dilution!
After completion of the course of infusion therapy, it is recommended to continue therapy of the patient with the tablet form of the drug according to the scheme: 1 tablet of Cavinton forte or 2 tablets of Cavinton 3 times a day (3 times 10 mg each).
Contraindications
· Acute phase of hemorrhagic cerebral stroke, severe ischemic heart disease, severe forms of arrhythmia.
· Pregnancy, lactation.
· Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
· Use of the drug in children is contraindicated (due to the lack of data from relevant clinical studies).
Side effect
Blood and lymphatic system
Rarely occurring:
decrease in the number of leukocytes, decrease in the number of platelets.
Very rare:
anemia, clumping (agglutination) of red blood cells.
From the side of the heart
Rarely occurring:
circulatory failure in the muscle tissue of the heart, pain in the heart area, slow heartbeat, increased heart rate, fast and irregular heartbeat.
Very rarely occurring:
irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), abnormal heart rhythm (atrial fibrillation).
From the side of the hearing organ
Infrequently occurring:
dizziness (feeling of objects spinning around you).
Rarely occurring:
hearing impairment (excessive sensitivity to sounds, or hyperacusis and decreased sensitivity to sounds, or hypoacusis), ringing or tinnitus.
From the side of the organ of vision
Rarely occurring:
changes in the fundus (swelling of the constrictive nerve).
Very rarely occurring:
conjunctival hyperemia.
From the gastrointestinal tract
Infrequently occurring:
feeling of discomfort in the abdomen, dry mouth, nausea.
Rarely occurring:
heartburn, constipation, diarrhea, indigestion, vomiting.
Very rarely occurring:
difficulty swallowing, inflammation of the oral mucosa.
General violations
Rarely occurring:
weakness, malaise, feeling of heat.
Very rarely occurring:
chest discomfort, abnormal decrease in body temperature.
From the immune system
Very rarely occurring:
allergic reaction to the drug (hypersensitivity).
Medical examination results
Infrequently occurring:
decrease in blood pressure.
Rarely occurring:
increased blood pressure, increased triglyceride levels in the blood, changes in the ECG, decreased/increased number of eosinophils in the blood, changes in the activity of liver enzymes.
Very rarely occurring:
decrease/increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood, decrease in the number of red blood cells in the blood, shortening of prothrombin time, increase in body weight.
Nutritional and metabolic disorders
Infrequently occurring:
high cholesterol.
Rarely occurring:
loss of appetite, diabetes.
From the nervous system
Infrequently occurring:
headache.
Rarely occurring:
dizziness, changes in taste, mental and physical retardation (stupor), muscle weakness on one side of the body, drowsiness, memory impairment.
Very rarely occurring:
trembling, convulsions.
Mental disorders
Rarely occurring:
insomnia, sleep disturbance, anxiety.
Very rarely occurring:
euphoria (high spirits), depression.
From the skin
Rarely occurring:
redness of the skin, severe sweating, itching, rash, urticaria.
Very rarely occurring:
inflammatory skin lesions (dermatitis).
From the blood vessels
Infrequently occurring:
low blood pressure.
Rarely occurring:
high blood pressure, hot flashes, vein inflammation.
Very rarely occurring:
fluctuations in blood pressure.
Special instructions and precautions for use
If a patient has increased intracranial pressure, arrhythmia or long QT syndrome, as well as the use of antiarrhythmic drugs, a course of drug therapy can be started only after a thorough analysis of the benefits and risks associated with the use of the drug.
ECG monitoring is recommended in the presence of long QT syndrome or while taking a drug that prolongs the QT interval.
Interactions with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
In rare cases, some additional effect was observed with the simultaneous use of alpha-methyldopa and vinpocetine, therefore, regular monitoring of blood pressure is necessary while using this combination of drugs.
It is recommended to exercise caution in the case of simultaneous use of vinpocetine with drugs that affect the central nervous system. also in the case of concomitant antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant therapy.
Pregnancy and lactation
During pregnancy and lactation, the use of vinpocetine is contraindicated.
Impact on the ability to drive a car and operate machinery
There are no data on the effect of the drug on the ability to drive a car and operate machinery.
Overdose
There were no cases of overdose. Administration of the drug at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight can be considered safe. Administration of the drug in higher doses is prohibited.
Package
Pills
Cavinton 5 mg:
50 tablets in PVC/aluminum blisters, placed in a cardboard box.
Cavinton Forte:
30 or 90 tablets in colorless, transparent PVC/aluminum blisters, placed in a cardboard box.
Solution for injection 5 mg/ml.
2 ml, 5 ml or 10 ml of the drug in brown glass ampoules of hydrolytic class I with a white breaking point. 5 ampoules in a plastic tray.
2 ml and 5 ml: 2 plastic trays in a cardboard box with instructions for use.
10 ml: 1 plastic tray in a cardboard box with instructions for use.
special instructions
Cavinton does not have nephro- and hepatotoxic effects. In patients with lactose intolerance, it is necessary to take into account that 1 tablet contains 83 mg of lactose. In patients with diabetes mellitus, parenteral administration of the drug requires control of blood glucose (the solution contains sorbitol , with intravenous administration it increases the risk of developing arrhythmia and ventricular fibrillation). In case of cerebral hemorrhagic stroke, the drug can be administered parenterally only after the acute effects have subsided (after 5-7 days). The drug is not recommended for use in pediatrics.
Cavinton's analogues
Level 4 ATX code matches:
Bravinton
Acefen
Carnicetine
Pyracesin
Nooclerin
Semax
Piracetam
Olatropil
Fezam
Vinpocetine
Cerebrocurin
Cavinton Forte
Calcium hopantenate
Glutamic acid
Cephabol
Olanzapine
Cerebrolysate
Pramistar
Sidnocarb
Vinpotropil
Similar drugs are:
- Vinpocetine
- Vicebrol
- Neurovin
- Oxopotin
The price of Cavinton's analogues is often less. For example, a medicine whose name comes from the main active ingredient is significantly cheaper.
Which is better Cavinton or Vinpocetine?
The drugs are absolutely identical. However, Cavinton is considered to be safer than Vinpocetine due to better alkaloid clearance.
Which is better Cavinton or Piracetam?
Piracetam has a slightly different purpose and is often used in combination with Cavinton to treat problems associated with circulatory and metabolic disorders.
Reviews about Cavinton
Reviews from patients
In general, opinions were divided. Those who have taken the drug say that it helps, but there are statements that no effect was noticed. The advantage is the low price. Side effects have been observed.
Reviews about Cavinton for children
It is important to remember that the drug is contraindicated for children. However, doctors still run the risk of prescribing this medicine. Reviews from parents indicate that when children use the medication, side effects occur, such as irritability and insomnia.
Cavinton price, where to buy
The price of Cavinton in 5 mg tablets is about 150 rubles per pack of 50 pieces.
The price of Cavinton ampoules is about 300 rubles for 10 pieces of 10 mg/2 ml, and 400 rubles for 10 pieces of 25 mg/5 ml.
In Kharkov you can buy tablets at a price of 200 UAH. Ampoules 10 mg/2 ml No. 10 - for about 300 UAH.
- Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia
- Online pharmacies in UkraineUkraine
- Online pharmacies in KazakhstanKazakhstan
ZdravCity
- Cavinton conc.
for prig solution for inf. 5mg/ml 5ml 10 pcs. JSC Gedeon Richter RUB 309 order - Cavinton Forte tablets 10 mg 90 pcs. Gedeon Richter-RUS ZAO
RUB 333 order
- Cavinton Forte tablets 10 mg 30 pcs. Gedeon Richter-RUS ZAO
155 rub. order
- Cavinton tablets 5 mg 50 pcs. Gedeon Richter-RUS ZAO
101 rub. order
- Cavinton conc. for prig solution for inf. 5mg/ml 2ml 10 pcs. JSC Gedeon Richter
RUB 212 order
Pharmacy Dialogue
- Cavinton (amp. 5 ml No. 10)Gedeon-Richter
RUB 313 order
- Cavinton Forte (10 mg tablet No. 90) Gedeon-Richter-RUS ZAO
RUB 354 order
- Cavinton Forte (tab. 10 mg No. 90)Gedeon-Richter-RUS ZAO/Gedeon-Richter
RUB 339 order
- Cavinton (amp. 2ml No. 10)Gedeon-Richter
RUB 216 order
- Cavinton Forte (tab. 10 mg No. 30) Gedeon-Richter-RUS ZAO
RUB 153 order
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Pharmacy24
- Cavinton 5 mg No. 50 tablets VAT "Gedeon Richter", Ugorshchina
166 UAH. order - Cavinton forte 10 mg No. 30 tablets VAT "Gedeon Richter", Ugorshchina
191 UAH order
- Cavinton forte 10 mg No. 90 tablets VAT "Gedeon Richter", Ugorshchina
545 UAH. order
- Cavinton 10 mg 2 ml No. 10 con, Ugorshchina
195 UAH order
PaniPharmacy
- Cavinton tablets Cavinton tablets. 5mg No. 50 Hungary, Gedeon Richter
187 UAH order
- Cavinton forte tablets Cavinton forte tablets. 10 mg No. 30 Hungary, Gedeon Richter
191 UAH order
- Cavinton ampoule Cavinton concentrate for solution for infusion 10 mg ampoules 2 ml No. 10 Hungary, Gedeon Richter
225 UAH order
- Cavinton forte tablets Cavinton forte tablets. 10 mg No. 90 Hungary, Gedeon Richter
511 UAH order
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